Excavating-shovel.



C. A. MORRIS.

Patented May 18, 1915.

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' INVENTOR U/zczrZesAflforrzs BY WITNESSES W C'- M7?" ATTORNEYS THENORRIS PETERS CO4. PHOTO-LITHOH WASHINGTON. D. C

C. A. MORRIS.

EXCAVATING SHOVEL.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 20. 1910.

1 139 5590 Patented May18,1915.

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INVENTOR ATTORNEYS THE NORRIS PETERS Lu, rr-OTQLITHQ. wnamhwwv. D. C.

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CHARLES A. MORRIS, 0F MONTCLAIR, NEVJ JERSEY, ASSIGNOE TO THE HAYWARDCOMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

EXCAVATING-SHOVEL.

Specification of Letters Eatent.

Patented llfay its, M1 153.

Application filed May 20, 1910. Serial No. 562,445.

To all 107mm it may concern Be it known that 1, CHARLES A. Monms, acitizen of the United States, residing in Illontclair, county of Essex,and State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and usefulExcavating-Shovel, of which the following is a specification.

This invention is an excavating shovel of simple and efficientconstruction, and involving a principle of operation distinctly novel inthe art. lhe shovel is of that type .'herein the loading is done at oneend and the unloading at the other, and one important feature of theinvention consists in providing a shovel of the type specified whereinthe tail gate is operated independently of the suspending devices, whichshovel is at all times under control, in contra-distinction to thosewhich operate under such conditions that the shovel is unsteady orsways.

rinother important feature of the invention consists in providing thepoint of suspension intermediate the loading end of the shovel and thecenter of gravity of said shovel.

A further feature of the invention consists in a novel construction oftail gate which permits the same to be closed by gravity, and,preferably, without the intervention of mechanically actuated closingdevices.

in the accompanying drawings I have illustrated different practicalembodiments of the invention, but the constructions shown therein "e tobe understood as illustrative, only, and not as defining the limits ofthe invention.

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section, partly in elevation,through a scraper shovel embodying my invention and adapted to be loadedat either end, and to be discharged at one end or the other. Fig. 9. isa vertical longitudinal section, partly in elevation, of a preferredform of my scraper shovel illustrating the same in the conveyingposition, the tail gate being closed. Fig. 3 is'a view of the shovelshown in nig. 2 in the du1np ing position, the tail gate being opened.Fig. l is a plan view of the shovel shown in Figs. 2- and 3. Figs. 5, 6,and 7 are views in side elevation, plan view and vertical section,respectively, the dotted lines in Fig. 5 illustrating the dumpingposition of the shovel.

The shovel, A, shown more particularly in Fig. 1, consists of a bottom,a, and parallel side walls, a, said shovel being open at both ends.Preferably, the ct ges, (4 at the ends of side walls, a, are inclinedupwardly and forwardly with respect to cutting edges, a a at therespective ends of bottom, a. As shown, the side walls of the shovel areconnected by cross pieces, 6, Z), which serve as stays to the sides ofthe shovel, and on cross pieces, 6, is journaled a direction sheave orpulley, c.

Siuitable means are provided for suspending the shovel, and, as shownherein, 1 cmploy a bail, 3, adapted to straddle the shovel and connectedpivotally thereto by suitable pins, bolts or studs, 5 The bail is sho vnas havlng a clevis or eye, Z), to which is connected a suspendingmember, such as a cable, l5. Furthermore, the suspending bail is shownas having an eye, (Z, the purpose of which will presently appear.

D is a haul cable or line connected by a bail, or by chains, cl, to oneend portion of the shovel. Said cable, D, is connected to what I willhereinafter refer to as the front end of shovel, A, the other end of theshovel being referred to as the rear thereof.

An auxiliary cable or chain, D, is employed for retaining the shovel ina substantially horizontal position during the operations of hoistingand conveying the load. Said auxiliary cable cooperates with the pulleyor sheave, 0, so that it has a running connection with the shovel. @neend of cable, D, is attached to haul cable or line, v

D, but the other of said cable, D, is attached to eye, d, of suspendingbail, B.

For certain purposes I employ another haul cable, E, shown in Fig. l,which cable is connected by a bail, or by chains, 0, to the rear ofshovel, A, whereby the shovel may by drawn in an opposite direction tothat in which it is adapted to be drawn by cable, D. T he haul cable, E,and its bail or chains, 0, re not essential parts of the invention, andit is manifest that said cable and its bail or chains may be omitted.

Assuming that the shovel is to be loaded by hauling it along the groundby the action 7 placed on the haul cable, D, and auxiliary cable, D, atall times during the operations of hoisting and conveying the shovel andits load, but when the shovel is performing the functions of scrapingthe earth so as to load the shovel, it is not essential that tensionbekept on the'auxiliary cable, D, or the suspension bail and cable, B,B, respectively. By keeping tension upon cables, I), D, control of theshovel during the hoisting and conveying operation is secured for thepurpose, mainly, of precluding undue movement or swaying of the shoveland its load when suspended from a boom, cableway, or other aerialtrack.

The operation of the shovel shown in Fig. 1 will be manifest from thepreceding description, but it' may be summarized as follows: For thepurpose of scraping the earth 7 cable upon a suitable spool or drum, the

cables, B, D, and bail, B, being slack, The front edge, a of the shovelcuts through the soil and the shovel is thus loaded. 1 At a proper timecable, 13, is oper- 'ated for the purpose of lifting the shovel and itsload, but at this time it is necessary to maintain tension on cables, D,D, where by the cable, D, operates to keep the shovel in a horizontal ornon-dumping position. The shoveland lts load having been elevated thedeslred dlstance above the ground, sa1d shovel and the devices areconveyed by suitable mechanism to the spoil bank or other place ofdeposit, tension being kept on cables, D, D, to preclude dumping of" theshovel during the conveying operation; l/Vhen the shovel reaches theplace where the material is to be deposited, it is only necessary toslacken the haul cable, D, where- .upon the shovel will swing downwardlyand rearwardly on the pivots, 12 thus dumping the shovel or dischargingthe load from the opposite end of said shovel to that in which thematerial entered the shovel; e., the shovel is loaded atone end anddumped or discharged at the other end. This is due to the fact that thepivotal connection,

the shovel. When the shovel is hoisted, after having been loaded at itsrear end, it is necessary to keep tension on cables, D, D,

for the purpose of maintaining the shovel in.

a carrying position, and this tension is kept on-said cables,'D, D,irrespective of the di- I rection in which the shovel and its load areconveyed. When the shovel reaches the place of deposit, tension isslackened on cables, D, D, and the shovel tilts or inclines to a dumpingposition, but assuming that,

the shovel was loaded at its rear end, a", by

the operation of haul cable, E, then the shovel will be dumped orunloaded at the same end, a", by slackening the tension on cables,D,' D,the haul cable, E, being "slackened, also, during the dumping operation:

My preferred construction is illustrated in Figs. 2, 3, and 4 of'thedrawings, wherein. v

the shovel consists of bottom, a, side walls,

a, inclined at their front edges, as at M, and stays, Z), 7), the latterstay, I), having the di rection sheave or pulley, 0.

edge, a, in the construction of Fig. 1; V

The rear of the shovel is closed by a tailgate, C, and to the front ofthe shovel is connected haul cable, D, by means of a bail or by chains,d. A. suspension cable, or equiv alent device, B,- is connected by'abail, B, to the shovel, and said bail has a pivotal connection, b ,"withthe shovel at a'point inter- The bottom is. provided at its front edgewith a cutting; edge, a but in this form of the inventionit is notnecessary to provide a cutting edge; at the rear of the bottomcorresponding to;

mediate the loading end, a and the center 7 of gravity of the shovel. Inall-substantial respects, except the tail gate and its operat ingdevices,the shovel of Figs. 2,3, and 4- embodied in the construction ofshovel in Figs. 2, 3, and'i. Itwill'be understood, therefore, that inaddition to the haul cable, D, and the suspension bail, B, the shovel isequipped with the auxiliary cable, D, which runs beneath sheave, c, andis attached at employed in the shovel of Figs. 2, 3, and t consists inso connecting it to the shovel that said gate closes by gravity andindependently of the operating devices associated withthe shovel. Asshown, the tailgate is fastened to fit snugly to'the rear edges of sidewalls, a, and bottom, a, of the shovel when said tail gate is closed,and said tail gate is shown as having'arms, C, at it respective ends,said arms extending for- V wardly of the tail gate so as to liealongside the side walls, a; The forward ends of arms, C, are pivoted bypins or bolts, 0 to face plates, 0 fastened to the outer surfaces ofwalls,a, of the'shovel, said pivotal connections, 0 being positioned,preferably, at

or near the top edge of the shovel. The gate and itsarms are ofsufficient weight to drop by gravity across the rear open end of theshovel, but when the shovel tilts to the inclined position shown in Fig.3, for the purpose of discharging the load at the rear end of saidshovel, the tail gate is raised by the resistance afforded by chains,cables or other flexible connections, F.

Arms, C, of the tail gate are shown as having lugs, f, to which thechains or cables, F, are fastened, the other ends of said chains orcables being attached to the eye, (Z, of the suspending bail. The chainsor cables, F, are shorter than that length of cable, D, between eye, (Z,and sheave, 0, when the shovel is in the inclined dumping position of 3,and thus the chains or cables, F, are adapted to pull upon the arms, C,and raise tail gate, C, to the position of Fig. 3 when the shovel tiltsto the inclined dumping position shown in said figure.

The operation of the scraper shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 4 is as follows:To load the shovel, it is dropped upon the ground, cables, B, D, andbail, B, being slack, and tail gate, G, closing by gravity at the rearof the shovel. Tension is placed upon cable, D, and the shovel is drawnforwardly for the edge, (4 to cut into the soil and load the shovel. Theloaded shovel is elevated by the operation of cable, B, and bail, B, andtension being kept on cable, D, the auxiliary cable, D, operates toretain the shovel in a horizontal position. W hen the shovel is conveyedin one direction or the other, the gate, 0, occupies the closedposition, and tension is kept on cables, D, D, until the loaded shovelreaches the place where the material is to be discharged. To unload theshovel, tension is relaxed on cables, D, D, and the weight of the loadcauses pulley, 0, to act on cable, D, for the shovel to assume theinclined position shown in Fig. 3. At this time, the cables, F, pullupon arms, C, and preclude the tail gate from dropping with the shovel,whereby the tail gate is opened automatically and the shovel is free toas sume the inclined position for the purpose of discharging the load atthe rear end thereof. The shovel may now be carried back to the field ofoperation and lowered upon the ground, at which time the tail gatecloses the rear end of the shovel, and the haul cable, D, may now beoperated for the purpose of again loading the shovel.

The shovel of Figs. 5, 6, and 7 is similar in structure to the shovel ofF igs. 2, 3, and 4-, but with the addition of means for locking theshovel in a closed position. The tail gate, C, is shown as having shortforwardly extending arms, 0 which are pivoted by bolts, pins or studs, 0to the sides of the shovel, preferably near the upper edge thereof,whereby the tail gate is adapted to close itself by gravity at the rearof the shovel. Said tail gate is provided with guides, g,

in which is confined a sliding bolt, G. To the bottom, a, of the shovelis attached a plate, extending rearwardly beyond said bottom, andprovided with an opening, 9, adapted to receive the lower bevel end oflatch, G, whereby the plate, G, operates as a keeper for the latch. Thelatch is connected at its upper end to a cable or chain, F, the otherend of which is attached to eye, (Z, of the suspending bail. Latch, G,is shown as having a stop lug, h, located at a point intermediate theguides, g, and when the latch is pulled in an upward direction so as torelease it from the keeper, G, the stop lug, h, is adapted to enga ewith the upper guide, g, and thus pull upon the gate, C, for the purposeof opening the gate after said latch shall have been disengaged from itskeeper.

The operation of the shovel having a latch for locking the tailgate in aclosed position is similar to the operation of the shovel shown in Figs.2, 3, and 4. The shovel of Figs. 5, 6, and 7 has its rear delivery endclosed by the tail gate when said shovel is being loaded, hoisted andconveyed, said tail gate being securely fastened by the action of thelatch. 'When the loaded shovel reaches the place where the load is to bedischarged, tension on the cables, D, D, is slackened and the shovelswings downwardly. Upon the downward movement of the rear part of theshovel, the chain, F, pulls on bolt, G, to withdraw it from keeper, G,and this pull is exerted through lug, it, upon the tail gate for thepurpose of swinging the tail gate upwardly when the shovel dropsdownwardly to assume the inclined position wherein the load isdischarged from the rear end of the shovel.

Having thus fully described the invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. An excavating shovel adapted to be loaded at one end and dischargedat the opposite end, and having its point of suspension positionedintermediate the loading end and the center of gravity of said shovel,said shovel being provided with a gravity closing tail gate, means forlocking the tail gate in its closed position, and mechanically actuatedmeans operated by the tilting movement of the shovel for unlocking andfor opening the tail gate.

2. An excavating shovel adapted to be loaded at one end and dischargedat the other end, suspending mechanism connected to the shovelintermediate the loading end and the center of gravity of said shovel, ahaul cable held under tension during the operations of loading andconveying the shovel, means connected with the haul cable andcooperating with the shovel for pre eluding said shovel from dumpingwhen the haul cable is under tension, a tail gate pivtion of the shovelto a dumping position for opening said tail gate. v i

8. In an excavating apparatus, the com bination of a shovel adapted tobe loaded at one end and to be discharged at the opposite end, asuspending bail pivoted to said shovel intermediate its loading end andthe center of gravity of said shovel, a haul line, a tail-gate pivotedto the shovel, the pivotal connection between said tail-gate and theshovel being independent of the pivotal connection between thesuspending bail and the shovel and the weight of said tail-gate beingcarried by the shovel in the operation of loading the latter by theaction of the haul line, a dump-controlling member operated by tensionon the haul line for retaining the shovel in a non-dumping relation tothe suspending bail, and means for supporting the tail-gate upon thedumping movement of the shovel.

' 4. In an excavating apparatus, the combination of a shovel adapted tobe loaded at one end and to be discharged at the opposite end, asuspending member having pivotal connection with the shovel intermediatethe loading end and the center of gravity" Wardly of the pivotalconnection between the shovel and the suspending member, a-

dump controlling member attached at its respective ends to thesuspending Inember'and to the haul line, said dump-controllingmemherhaving a running connection with the shovel, and a flexible gate liftingmember attached to the tail-gate and the suspending member forsupporting said tailgate in a raised position when the shovel is turnedto assume'a dumping position. I 5. In an excavatin a oaratus the coms l.a

bination of a shovel adapted to, be loaded at one end and discharged atthe opposite end, i

a suspending member connected to said shovel intermediate the loadingend and the center of gravity thereof, a tail-gate sup-1 ported directlyby'the shovel for closing the ing member thereto, ahaul line, a dump controlling member attached at its respective ends to thesuspendi'ng'member and the haul line, said dumpcontrolling member havingrunning engagement with the shovel rearwardly of the connection theretoof the suspending member, and a flexible member attached to thesuspending member and op crating to support the tail-gate in aIL1S6Clposition when the shovel turns into a dumping position byslackening the haul line an f the dump-controlling member. 7

In testlmony whereof I have s gned my name to this specificatlon 1n thepresence of two subscribing Witnesses.

CHARLES A, MORRIS. Witnesses: I

H. I. BERNHARD, JAs. H. GRIFFIN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

' Washington,'D. O. a

